The lethality of small drones carrying explosives has been apparent for around a decade, first emerging as a serious threat in Iraq and Syria in the battles against ISIS in 2014. However, the scale of the threat has been taken to an entirely new level following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022.
Outnumbered and outgunned, Ukraine’s forces rushed systems into combat as fast as they could get their hands on them – and it quickly became apparent that large numbers of commercially produced First Person View (FPV) quadcopters and similar products had a lot of utility. They could be used for surveillance, providing vital intelligence, or equipped with explosives and flown kamikaze-style into Russian units.
They proved particularly effective in top-down attacks on armoured vehicles, particularly if any hatches were left open, as was often the case. Other sea-based drones – basically remote controlled jet skis carrying explosives – were used with great effect on Russian surface combatants, so much so that the powerful Black Sea fleet has had to largely abandon its Crimean home port of Sevastopol.
The ADF seems to have been strangely oblivious to the scale of this new threat – which is radically altering the face of combat – but fortunately Australian industry has already been developing solutions. A good case in point is Sydney-based DroneShield, which has become a global supplier of counter-drone technology, mainly to the United States.